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Class 10 – Social Science Assignments of ch-1 History

Exercise:-

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [1 MARK]

•  The first clear expression of Nationalism in Europe came with :

(a) The American Revolution                                                   (b) The French Revolution    

(c) The Russian Revolution                                                       (d) The Industrial Revolution

• Nationalism brought about in Europe the emergence of :

(a) The Nation State                                                            (b) The Modern State

(c) Multinational Dynastic State                                        (d) Alliances formed among many European states

• Frederic Serrieu, a French artist, in his series of four prints (1848) visualised his dream of a world as :

(a) A world made up of ‘democratic and social republics’    (b) A world made up of one nation, one world

(c) A world with one absolute ruler                                    (d) A world following one religion, one language

•  The ideas of a United Community enjoying equal rights under a Constitution were expressed by the French as :

(a) La Patrie                 (b) Le Citoyen                (c) Both (a) and (b)                  (d) None of the above

• The Civil Code of 1804, also known as the Napoleonic Code, established :

(a) Equality before the law                                                      (b) Secured the right to property

(c) Did away with all the privileges based on birth             (d) All the above

• What kind of political and constitutional change was brought about by the French Revolution?

(a) It ended the absolute monarchy                      (b) It transferred power to a body of the French citizens

(c) It proclaimed that henceforth people would constitute the nation and shape its destiny      (d) All the above

•  Name one kind of revolt that started in Europe in 1848.
  • Linguistic Revolt in Germany   
  • Artisans, industrial workers and peasants revolted against economic hardships
  • Revolt against monarchy in Switzerland
  • Revolt for freedom in Greece
• Socially and politically dominant class in Europe during mid-eighteenth century was __________ .

(a) The Nobility                 (b) The landed aristocracy              (c) The Church        (d) The absolute monarchs

• The denial of universal suffrage in Europe, led to _________________.
  • Revolutions
  • Women and non-propertied men organising opposition movements,demanding equal rights throughout 19th and early 20th centuries
  • Demand of equal political rights
  • Return of monarchy
• In politics, liberalism emphasised______________ .
  • End of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and a representative government through Parliament
  • The inviolability of private property
  • The right to vote
  • Both (a) and (b)
• Friedrich List, a German professor of Economics, hoped to achieve two political ends through economic measures. They were ______________ .

(a) Increase in power in Europe           (b) Binding Germans economically into a nation

(c) Both (a) and (b)                                  (d) Awakening national sentiment through a free economic system

• Which new spirit guided European nations after Napoleon’s defeat?

(a) Fascism                     (b) Conservatism              (c) Nazism                 (d) Communism

• All the new regimes, set up in 1815, were autocratic because :
  1. They did not tolerate criticism and dissent
  2. They imposed censorship laws to control what was said in newspapers, plays, songs etc.
  3. They curbed activities which questioned their legitimacy
  4. All the above
• Repression of liberal revolutionaries after 1815, in Europe, led to

(a) Armies being trained by revolutionaries   

(b) All revolutionaries trained to overthrow monarchy

(c) Secret societies being formed in many European states to train revolutionaries and spread their ideas

(d) All the above

• The three leaders who helped unification of Italy were :

(a) Giuseppe Mazzini, Victor Emmanuel II, Cavour          (b) Giuseppe Mazzini, Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi

(c) Victor Emmanuel, Bismarck, Cavour                            (d) None of the above.

• In the 19th century, the French artists symbolised the French nation as :
  1. Marianne, a popular Christian name for women
  2. Marianne, a female figure, with a red cap, the tricolour and the cockade
  3. As a female named Marianne, with characteristics of liberty (a red cap, a broken chair) and the Republic (the red cap, tricolour and the cockade)
  4. All the above

• The revolutions of 1830 and 1848 AD were led by :

(a) Liberal nationalists belonging to the aristocratic class                           

(b) The peasants

(c) Liberal nationalists belonging to the educated middle class elite, consisting of professors, school teachers, clubs and members of the commercial middle class

(d) All the above

• The Nationalist Greeks got the support of the West European nations because :

(a) They were fighting against the Muslim Ottoman Empire  

(b) They had sympathies for ancient Greek culture

(c) Greece was considered the cradle of European civilisation   

(d) All the above

• Cavour’s contribution to Italian unification was :

(a) Diplomatic alliance with the enemies   of Austria                   

 (b) War with Austrians and Bourbons.

(c) Diplomatic alliance with France in 1859 and strengthening Sardinia and Piedmont

(d) Defeated the Bourbon kings

• Who was Giuseppe Mazzini? When and where he was born?
  • Giueseppe Mazzini was an Italian revolutionary, born in Rome in 1810
  • Giuseppe Mazzini was an Italian, born in Genoa, in 1807
  • Giuseppe Mazzini was a Corsican, born in Genoa in 1807
  • Giuseppe Mazzini was a famous Italian painter, born in Genoa in 1810
• The purpose behind the painting “The Massacre at Chios” by Eugene Delacroix, 1824, was :
  • To appeal to the emotions of the spectators and create sympathy for the Greeks
  • To dramatise the incident in which 20,000 Greeks were killed
  • To focus on the suffering of women and children
  • All the above
• The aim of Romanticism, a cultural movement, was :
  • To create a sense of shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis of the nation
  • Glorification of science and reason
  • To focus on emotions, intuitions and mystical feeling
  • Both (a) and (c)
•  German philosopher Johann Gotfried Herder claimed that true German culture was discovered through

(a) Folk songs, folk poetry, folk dances                       (b) Common people — das volk

(c) Vernacular language                                                  (d) All the above

•  In France, 1848 was a year when :
  • Louis Philippe of France was dethroned, and France declared a Republic
  • Suffrage to all males above 21 was given and the right to work guaranteed
  • Food shortages, widespread unemployment led to a revolt in Paris
  • All the above
•  The weavers of Silesia revolted in 1845 against contractors because :
  • The contractors who gave them orders drastically reduced their payments.
  • The contractors took advantage of their misery and desperate need for jobs.
  • Both A and B.
  • The contractors had killed eleven weavers.

B. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [2 MARKS]

1. What was the aim of the treaty of Vienna, signed in 1815?
2. What is meant by romanticism?
3. Mention any  two features of romanticism.
4. How did the conservative European rulers try to prevent the spread of revolutionary and nationalist ideas?
5. How did the Napoleonic code benefit the people of Europe?
6. Who said ‘’ when France sneezes  the rest of Europe catch cold “?.
7. Who was proclaimed the king of united Italy in 1861?
8. Name the leader who led a protest movement against the Protestants in Ireland.
9. How did Holland, Switzerland and Brussels welcome French armies?
10. What is the main contribution of French revolution to the world?
11. Write the territorial changes which occurred due to the congress of Vienna.
12. When and against whom did the Greek war of independent start?
13. What was the strong demand of the emerging middle classes in Europe during nineteenth century?
14. Name the European powers that defeated napoleon in 1815.
15. What was the meaning of liberalism in early nineteenth century in Europe?
16. Name the Balkan countries.
17. During the middle of the 19^th century, Italy was divided into how many states?
18. Name the civil code of 1804.which established equality before the law and secured the right to property in France.
19. Which nation was identifiable in the revolutionary tricolour in sorrieu’s utopian vision?
20. To which country did the artist Frederic sorrier belong?
21. What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to French revolution in the Europe?
22. Which group formed the European middle class in the 19^th century?.
23. Who was Mazzini ? .
24. Name the event that mobilised nationalist feeling among the educated elite across Europe in 1830-1848.
25. What was the major issue taken up by the liberal-nationalists?.
26. Which power dominated the nation building process in Germany?
27. What did the ideas of La patrie and Le citoyen signify in the French Revolution?
28. What was the main function of the Prussian Zollverein?
29. Who was proclaimed the German Emperor after its unification?
30. What do you know about the Act of Union, 1707?
31. Who was Frederic sorrieu?
32. Who was count Cavour?
33.  What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional scenario due to French Revolution in Europe?
34. Which of the following treaty recognized Greece as an independent nation?
35. “The aim of the Zollverein is to bind the Germans economically in to a nation”. Who wrote these words?
36. What did the French revolutionaries aim for?
37. What was the significance of the treaty of Constantinople in Greek history?
38. Name the group of countries that collectively defeated Napoleon.
39. What did the conservatives want?
40.  What was the major objective of the Vienna Congress of 1815?
41.  Who had hosted the meeting of representatives of European powers at Vienna in 1815?.
42. Write any one statement regarding the doctrine of liberal nationalism?
43.  Who said, “True German culture is to be discovered among common people.”
44. What does the term ‘absolutist’ refer to?
45. What is the national anthem of Britain?
46. What was Zollverein?
47. What do you know about young Italy?
48. What did the German sword stand for?
49. Name the countries which participated in the Vienna congress of 1815.
50. What did the symbol of olive branch around the sword mean?
51. Who was the guiding force for the unification of England in 1707?
52.  Who were the architects of the unification of Germany?
53. Who was described as the ‘most dangerous enemy to our social order’ and by whom?
54.  Who hosted the congress of Vienna?
55. Why were female allegories invented by the French artists?
56. Who was Johann Gottfried Herder? What did he claim?

C. SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS [3 MARKS] :-

1. What views did Giuseppe Mazzini have about Italy?
2. What was the reaction to the Napoleonic Code?
3.  What kind of life did the aristocrats lead?
4. What was understood by the term ‘liberalism’?
5. Explain the political situation of Italy before its unification .
6. When and why was the Zollverein formed?
7. How did the Treaty of Vienna (1815) come into being?
8. What was the nature of conservative regimes set up in 1815?                     
9. What led to the rise of the revolutionaries?
10. Write briefly about conditions in Europe in the 1870s.
11. What has made the Balkan a source of nationalist tension?
12. Explain liberalism in political and economic fields prevailing in Europe in the 19^th century.
13. How did Romanticism seek to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment during 18th century ? Explain.
14. In which year was the unification of Italy completed ? Mention two features of the unification movement.
15. Why were 1830s called the years of great economic hardship in Europe ? Give any three reasons.
16. Explain any three reasons for the nationalist upsurge in the 19th century Europe.
17. Explain the role of language in developing the nationalist sentiments in Europe.
18. Explain by giving four reasons as to why the people, who earlier had welcomed napoleon opposed him later?
19.  “Italy had a long history of political fragmentation”. Support the statement by giving any three points.
20. Explain how Ireland got incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801 ? What were the symbols of this new British nation ?
21. how had Napoleonic code exported to the other region under French control? Explain with examples.
22. describe the ideology of liberalism during early 19^th century.
23. what was the status of france as a state before 1789? Which two political and constitutional changes came in the wake of French revolution?
24. explain any three provisions of the treaty of Vienna of 1815.
25. Why was the Napoleonic rule over other regions unpopular with some sections of Europe?
26. Describe the event of French revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe .
27. How did the treaty of Vienna change the map of Europe ?
28. How was the French republic formed in 1848?
29. How has Britain come into existence ? explain
30. Why did nationalist tensions emerge in the Balkans? Explain reasons.
31. Explain the role of language in developing the nation, sentiments in Europe.

D. LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (5 Marks) –

1. How did French territory undergo changes due to the Treaty of Vienna in 1815?
2. Discuss the lives of the aristocrats and the new middle class in 19th century France.
3.  What views did the conservatives hold?
4. Friedrich List, Professor of Economics at the University of Tübingen in Germany, wrote
5. in 1834. “The aim of the Zollverein is to bind the Germans economically into a nation. It will strengthen the nation materially as much by protecting its interests externally as by stimulating its internal productivity. It ought to
6. How has French artist, Frederic Sorrieu, visualised in his first print, of the series of four prints, his dream of a world made up of ‘democratic and social republics’? Explain.
7.  Explain any four measures introduced by French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity among the people of France.
8. Describe four stages of unification of Germany.
9. How did culture play an important role in creating the idea of a nation in Europe ? Explain with four examples.
10.  Mention any two economic obstacles that the liberal nationalists wanted to overcome. In what way did the Zollverein customs union of 1834 try to overcome these shortcomings ?
11. What is the significance of 1848 for France and the rest of Europe ? What did the liberals demand ?
12.  How did the Greek War of Independence mobilise nationalist feeling among the educated elite across Europe ? Give four points.
13.  “Till mid-eighteenth century there were no nation states in Europe.” Support the statement with four examples.
14.  What was the main objective of the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 ? Mention any three important features of the treaty.
15.  Describe any four features of the landed aristocracy class of European continent.
16. How was the Habsburg Empire a patchwork of many different regions and peoples in Europe ? Explain.
17. Name the event that mobilised nationalist feeling among the educated elite across Europe in 1830-1848.
18.  Who hosted ‘vienna congress’ in 1815? Analyse the main changes brought by ‘Vienna treaty’.
19. What happened during the year following 1815 when the fear of repression drove many liberal-nationalists underground? Explain.
20. How did the greek war of independence mobilised nationalist feeling among the educated elite across Europe ? Give any five point.
21. How did the Balkans become the most serious sources of nationalist tension in Europe after 1871? Explain with example.